In the UK, a suitable and sufficient Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) can be carried out by:

1. The Responsible Person (such as an employer, landlord, building owner, or managing agent) if they have sufficient knowledge and competence.
2. A Competent Person appointed by the Responsible Person. This is typically a professional fire risk assessor with appropriate training, knowledge, and experience. 

The key legal requirement is competence, not a specific qualification or job title. If the Responsible Person lacks the expertise to perform a suitable and sufficient assessment themselves, they must obtain help from a competent person

For higher-risk premises—such as HMOs, care homes, hotels, blocks of flats, or commercial buildings,  it is advisable to use a professional fire risk assessor.

So in short yes, anyone can.

The problem is the vast array of subject matter involved within an assessment. It's a legal document placing all liability with the author who can wind up in court with no support. 

As fire risk assessors we put a lot of time and effort into our professional capabilities to take on this liability with the in depth knowledge and experience to put our names to your assessment.

You want someone who can prove their knowledge, is third party approved, qualified, insured and has undergone specific training to be able to provide you with an assessment fit for purpose.

Fire Risk Assessor ISFM (Institute of Fire Safety Managers): ID 1215

Registered on the National Fire Risk Assessors Register www.NFRAR.com - Tier 2 Intermediate

Level 4 Fire Qual FPA Diploma: Advanced Fire Risk Assessor L4DipFRA

Level 3 Certified Fire Qual Competent Fire Risk Assessor 

A qualified competent and experienced Fire Risk Assessor benefited from additional skills and knowledge gained from 30 years’ experience within Fire Protection sector. 

Conversant and experienced with a range of active fire protection measures from portable equipment, fire safety signage, fire alarms and emergency lighting as well as automatic fire detection systems including gas and kitchen fire suppression and is an experienced theoretical and practical Fire Safety trainer.